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Hammersley Wild Area is a wild area in the Susquehannock State Forest in Potter and Clinton counties in north-central Pennsylvania in the United States.〔 It is the largest area without a road in Pennsylvania and the state's second largest wild area (the first being Quehanna Wild Area).〔 The wild area is named for Hammersley Fork, a tributary of Kettle Creek, which flows through the area. The wild area includes of the Susquehannock Trail System, an loop hiking trail almost entirely on state forest land.〔(【引用サイトリンク】Susquehannock Trail )〕 The Hammersley Wild Area was last clearcut around 1900 and is a mature second growth forest today. The Forrest H. Duttlinger Natural Area is adjacent to the southwest corner of the wild area in Clinton County, and it contains of old growth forest, mostly Eastern Hemlock.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Forrest H. Duttlinger Natural Area )〕 The Hammersley Wild Area has been called "one of the state forest system’s jewels" and "a true state treasure" by the Pennsylvania Audubon Society.〔 ==History== The Hammersley Wild Area and Susquehannock State Forest are on the Allegheny Plateau, which was formed, along with the Appalachian Mountains in the Alleghenian orogeny, some 300 million years ago, when Gondwana (specifically what became Africa) and what became North America collided, forming Pangaea. Although the region appears mountainous, these are not true mountains: instead millions of years of erosion have made this a dissected plateau, causing the "mountainous" terrain seen today. The hardest of the ancient rocks are on top of the ridges, while the softer rocks eroded away, forming the valleys.〔 〕〔 〕 Almost all of Potter County and Pennsylvania were clearcut in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. In 1897 the Pennsylvania General Assembly passed legislation which authorized the purchase of "unseated lands for forest reservations" and the first Pennsylvania state forest lands were acquired the following year.〔 (【引用サイトリンク】History of the William Penn State Forest ) 〕 The first land for the Susquehannock State Forest was acquired in 1901; the cost for the major acquisitions was an average of $2.50 per acre ($6.18 per ha). The land that became Hammersley Wild Area was last clearcut around 1900.〔 About the same time there were logging railroads throughout the area and a small town at the confluence of the Nelson Branch with the Hammersley Fork.〔 〕 The Emporium Lumber Company sold the land which became the wild area to the state in the 1930s, but retained the mineral rights.〔 During the Great Depression the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), a work relief program established in 1933 as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal legislation, operated ten CCC camps in the Susquehannock State Forest, of which eight were in Potter County. The young men of the CCC built roads and parks, fought forest fires, and planted trees.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Cherry Springs State Park )〕 As of 2003, the Susquehannock State Forest covered , chiefly in Potter County with small tracts in Clinton and McKean counties.〔 ''Note'': This is a map on one side, with a guide to the state forest and its resources on the other side〕 The Hammersley Wild Area was officially established in January 2004 when the DCNR acquired the mineral rights and rights for natural gas and oil from Pennsylvania Power and Light and Pennsylvania General Energy, who had held them for within the wild area. Prior to this acquisition, Hammersley was only a "proposed" wild area as gas and oil drilling were still possible.〔 Pennsylvania has 16 wild areas totaling more than , all within its state forests; the individual wild areas are each generally larger than . Wild areas are protected from development and open to recreation, with "hiking, hunting, fishing, primitive backpack camping, horseback riding, bicycling and wildlife watching" allowed, but "new public access roads, motorized vehicles, mineral development and new rights-of-way are prohibited".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hammersley Wild Area」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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